There are many treatments for men with fertility problems.
Medical treatments
- Antibiotics to treat an infection of the urogenital system
- Hormones in cases where the testicle does not get enough pituitary hormone stimulation
Surgical correction and solutions proposed by medically assisted procreation
- Surgical intervention in case of excretory azoospermia. When a man has this problem, the testes produce sperm, but these are not present in the ejaculate because there is an obstacle somewhere along the way. The surgical procedure identifies the obstruction, and then removes and reconnects the segments.
- Surgery may be attempted to cut off the obstructed area and restore continuity of both segments.
- Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection, ICSI): This treatment is only performed in the context of in vitro fertilization (IVF). It is used in severe cases of male infertility, when there are not enough spermatozoa, and they are not mobile enough to penetrate the egg. From a sample of the sperm of the spouse, the embryologist injects into each of the eggs of the sperm a sperm captured with a glass needle whose tip has a microscopic diameter.
- Percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (Percutaneous Epididymal Sperm Aspiration, PESA): This treatment is only performed in the context of in vitro fertilization (IVF). Practiced under local anesthesia, this operation is performed in case of obstruction of the vas deferens. Most often, this involves puncturing the epididymis with a thin needle. However, a small incision in the epididymis is sometimes necessary. Spermatozoa are then collected and the best of them are used for IVF with micro-injection.
- Testicular Sperm Extraction (TESE): This treatment is only performed in vitro fertilization (IVF) with ICSI. This procedure, performed under local anesthesia, involves taking sperm directly from the testicles using a very fine needle. This technique is used when there is a complete absence of spermatozoa in the ejaculate or epididymis, but the testes continue to produce spermatozoa.
- Artificial insemination with sperm of the spouse (IAC).
- Artificial insemination with donor sperm (DAI).
- In vitro fertilization with sperm of the spouse.
- In vitro fertilization with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).
- In vitro fertilization with donor sperm.